Steam-generator.



PATBNTBD JAN. 20, 1903.

No. 718,815.y

E. A. BRINER. STEAM GENERATOR. APfjLicATIoN FILED MAY s., 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

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PATENTED JAN. 20, 1903.

E. BRINER. STEAM GENERATOR. APPLIUATIONPILBDMAYB,1902.

N0 MODEL.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 UNTTEE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMIL A. BRINER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 718,815, dated January 20, 1903.

Application filed May 8, 1902. Serial No. 106,438. (No model.)

To LZZ whom, it muy concern:

Be it known that I, EMIL A. BRINER, a citizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Steam-Generators, of which the following is a specification.

One object of my invention is to construct a water-tube steam-boiler which is especially adapted for marine use and will insure free and rapid circulation of the water through the same and provide a maximum heatingsurface in proportion to the sizeof the boiler, a further object being to simplify and cheapen the construction of the boiler and render its parts accessible for cleaning and repair. These objects I attain in the manner hereinafter s et forth, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure lis a longitudinal section on the line d a, Fig. 2, of a boiler constructedin accordance with my invention. y Fig. 2 is -a transverse section on the line b b, Fig. l, but on a smaller scale. Fig. 3 is a view on a still smaller scale, showing the outlines of the rear headers of the boiler-tube structure. Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view of part of the front header on an enlarged scale, and Fig. 5 is a view illustrating a modified return connection for the tubes of the boiler.

The boiler has a hollow front header 1, connected at the top to the steam-drum 2 and provided with a number of sets of circulatingtubes, three of such sets of tubes being shown in the presentinstance and each set comprising a number of vertical rows ot' tubes 3, inclined upwardly from front to rear, and a number of vertical rows of tubes 4, inclined upwardly from rear to front, the rear ends of each set, cluster, or pair of tubes being so connected that it can expand and contract independently of the others. In the construc-A tion shown in Figs. l to 3' this rear connection is effected by hollow headers 5, one' for each set of tubes, whilein the construction shown in Fig. 5 anelbow 20, connecting the rear end of a tube 3 to the rear end of a corresponding tube 4, is employed. The tubes may be horizontal, if desired, instead of inclined; but the latter construction is pre- 5o ferred.

The hollow front header 1 has therein a series of diaphragms 6, one or more for each set of tubes, these diaphragms vextending across the header from the front shell to the rear shell of the same and serving to divide the said header into chambers '7 and 9, the chambers 7 communicating with the forward ends of the tubes 4 and opening at the top directly into the steam-drum 2 and the chambers 9 communicating with the forward ends of the tubes 3 and being in communication with the steam-drum 2 through vertical channels lO, formed between the adjoining diaphragms.

The rows of tubes 3 overlap the rows of tubes 4,- and the diaphragme 6 are corrugated, as shownrin Fig. 2, or otherwise bent,so as to provide for the proper separation of these overlapping portions of the tube-rows.

The rear headers may or may not be pr0` vided With diaphragms 6a, as shown in Fig. 3. The former construction is preferred for improving the circulation in the boiler, While for commercial reasons it may be omitted as unnecessary. The object of such diaphragms `in the rear headers is to distributemore uniformly in the tubes 4 the steam coming from the tubes 3.

When the boiler is in operation, the water will descend from the steam-drum 2 through the channels 10 'to the chambers 9and will pass thence through the tubes 3 to the back headers 5 and from the latter through the tubes 4 to the chambers 7 of the front header and thence upwardly into the drum 2, rapid and thorough circulation of the water being thereby insured, with correspondingly quick generation of steam.

By providing the diaphragm with projections extending through the front and rear shells of the front header and riveting said projections to said shell or providing them with suitable nuts, as shown in Fig. 4, said diaphragm may be caused to act as a stay for said front header, thereby materially reducing the number of stays otherwise required.

The nre-box of the boiler is composed of vertical tubes 13 and lower and upper manifold pipes 1 1 and 14, the upper manifold eX- tending along the sides and across the back of the re-box and the lower manifold providing a space for the reception of the grate IOO 12 and receiving the lower ends of the vertical tubes 13, which inclose the sides and back of the tire-box. The upper ends of said tubes are connected to the upper manifold 14, the side membersof which areinclined upwardly and communicate at their forward ends with the end chambersof the hollowfront header 1, as shown at 15 in Fig. 2. The forward ends of the side members of the lower manifold 11 communicate with the end chambers 9 of said front header through vertical tubes 16, so as to provide for a free circulation of water downwardly from said front header into the lower manifold 11 of the fire-box, thence upwardly through the side and rear tubes 13 of said lire-box to the upper manifold 14 and from the latter into the end chambers of the front header, thereby providing a highly-effective heating-'surface in addition to the main tube structure of the boiler.

The front and rear headers of the boiler are provided with suitable plugs or covers 17 in line with the ends of the tubes 3 and 4, so as to permit ready access to said tube ends for the purpose of expanding the same in constructing the boileror for cleansing purposes after the boiler is put in service.

The tubes 13 may be secured to the manifolds 11 and 14 by threading the ends of said tubes and screwing them into threaded openings in the manifolds, or the latter may be provided with plugs or covers for permitting access to the tubes for expanding or cleaning purposes in the same manner as the headers 1 and 5.

Owing to the large heating-surface presented iu this boiler and the quick circulation of water therein rapid generation of steam in large volume is insured, While economy of construction is provided for by the use of plain tubes and simple forms of headers and manifold-pipes,and economy ofspace and weight are also effected, so that the boiler is especially available for marine use.

In constructing a boiler of small capacity in accordance with my invention I may use but a single set of tubes 3 and 4 and but a single diaphragm in the front header, or, on the other hand, in constructing a boiler of large capacity I may have a greater number of sets of tubes than shown in the drawings, with a correspondingly greaternumber of diaphragms.

Figs. 1 and 2 showa pipe or pipes 19, leading from the steam-drum 2 down into the lower chamber 9 of the hollow front header. The use of a pipe or pipes 19 is eXtra precautionary and serves principally two purposes. Since the water within these pipes is shielded by a water-wall from contact with the products of combustion, there is always sure to be a downward circulation of water in them when the boiler is in use. Hence in case of the formation of steam in the vertical channels 10 the steady circulation in the tubes 9 by the down-comer pipes 19,fand while these pipes are not necessary they may be used as an additional safeguard for exceptional conditions.

The tube structure of the boiler is intended to be provided with a suitable incasementsuch, for instance, as that shown by dotted lines in Fig. l-and the tube structure of the boiler may have a delecting plate or plates combined therewith, so as to cause the products of combustion to follow a circuitous course and insure contact of the same with all parts of the tubes. One arrangement of such deI'lecting-plates is shown atvlS in Fig. 1; but other forms may be employed-as, for inst-ance, vertical plates located between the sets of tubes.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The combination in a water-tube boiler, of a hollow header, a set of circulating-tubes communicating with said header and composed of vertical rows of tubes, which rows overlap each other at their forward ends, and a diaphragm extending across the hollow header and separating the same into chambers, said diaphragm having a bent or corrugated portion separating from each other the overlapping portions of the tube-rows, substantially as specified.

2. The combination in a water-tube boiler, of a hollow front header, a number of sets of circulating-tubes each consisting of a number of vertical rows of tubes connected at their forward ends to said front header, and a series of hollow rear headers each common to the rows of tubes of one set whereby independent expansion and contraction of each set of tubes is permitted, substantially as specified.

3. The combination in a water-tube boiler, of two sets of circulating-tubes, each comprising a number of rows of tubes, with a front header having a diaphragm separating the rows of tubes of one set from the rows of tubes of the other set, and a rear header forming a junction box and having diaphragms separating the tubes of each row, but providing communication between one of the tubes of a row of one set and a corresponding tube of a row of the other set, substantially as specified.

4. The combination in a water-tube boiler, of a hollow header, circulating-tubes communicating therewith, and a diaphragm whereby the hollow header is divided into chambers, said diaphragm being separate from, but connected to the front and rear shells of the header so as to serve as a stay for said front and rear shells, substantially as specified.

5. The combination of the circulating-tubes, steam-drum and hollow header of a watertube boi1er,with diaphragms extending across the header from front to rear shell, whereby said hollow header is divided into upper and IOO IIO

lower chambers, leaving a channel or channels connecting the lower chambers with the steam-drum, substantially as specified.

6. The combination of the circulating-tubes, steam-drum, and hollow header of a watertube boiler, with diaphragms separating said hollow header into upper and lower chambers and forming a channel or channels extending from the lower chamber to the steam-drum, and an internal down-comer pipe in each of said channels, substantially as speciied.

7. The combination in a water-tube boiler, of the main tube structure of the boiler having a hollow header, with the upper and lower re-boX manifolds communicating with said hollow header of the tube structure, and a series of vertical tubes connecting said upper and lower fire-box manifolds and inclosing the fireplace, substantially as specified.

S. The combination in a water-tube boiler, of the main tube structure havingfa hollow header, upper and lower fire-box manifolds, and vertical tubes connecting the same and inclosing the fireplace, said lower manifold being in communication through circulatingtubes with the hollow front header and said upper manifold being inclined upwardly from the rear to the front and also communicating with said hollow front header, substantially as specified.

9. The combination in a water-tube boiler, of the'hollow front header, a diaphragm eX- tending across the same and dividing the same into chambers, circulating-tubes serving to convey the water from one of said chambers to the other, and a tube structure inclosing the fireplace and having a lower manifold in communication with one of the chambers of the front header and an upper manifold in communication with the other chamber of the same, substantially as specied.

ln testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence o -two subscribing witnesses. v

EMIL A. BRINER. 

